The former player: 'I really hoped to continue playing'
Important note: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive language and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that going public to reveal racism in rugby union led his career to an early conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the sport, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told reporters.
"I really wanted to continue playing, of course I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"That was difficult - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and accept that this entire situation is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not collect enough evidence to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was surprisingly excluded for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the issue that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually spurred to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has given significant attention on diversity and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are continuing work with clubs and partners in the professional game to strive for a culture of acceptance but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building inclusive environments, with its success monitored via individual reports and surveys.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the film, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the sport more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with children in under-served communities and help them thrive on and off the field with free sports coaching, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if others is prepared to share their experience then I'll continue to fight that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"We have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more confident others will become about sharing their personal experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the horns and continue bearing this flag and continue supporting this weight and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the sport more appealing and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that the sport has the potential to transform their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022